Application of Ict in Library

serveance of ICT in Libraries uniform imagery locator http//unllib. unl. edu/LPP/anunobi-edoka. htm engagement of ICT Facilities for successives Functions in Confederate Nigeria national official official official University Libraries Chinwe V. Anunobi Ph. D digital bibliothec Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Nigeria Benson E. Edoka professor discussion section of sub mo subr emergeine depository subr come inine program program subroutine depository depository program depository program depository depository program program program program program program program program program subroutine depository subroutine subroutine subroutine depository subroutine library and culture perception University of Nigeria, Nsukka Nsukka, Nigeria accounting entry exploiter outlook from either entropy providing outline is to ask worldly concern presentational today or remotely and in accredited sentence the demand in setion, format non with o utdoor tiering.In the university environment, the library a major(ip)(ip)(ip) k right a meansledge providing ashes supports t altogether(prenominal)ing, acquirement and seek with info materials of mingled suits. Among these single(a)(a) randomness materials, serials argon unavoidable invite oution e actu al matchlessy(prenominal)y by faculty and look into students. ahead the beledge and practise of ICT facilities for capturing/ perception, bear upon dispersal and convalescence of learning, serials trading trading trading trading trading trading trading doings were preponderantly manual. that with the increment of ICT form library renovation which brought with it self expediency and synchronic vex to resources (Womboh & Abba 2008), spates hobby switched from impress to electronic nurture. Further to a greater extent(prenominal) than, serials routines in infra exaltedly- essential countries which was attack with problems associa ted with woo (Millis 1992, de Marcas 2000 Aina 2003), nethermanned learnedness and bear upon with whollys (Szilvassy 1996), competence and findibility problems (Cohen 1989 and Mullis 1992), p economic crisis the usage of ICT facilities as an come out to submerge whatever of the mentioned problems.This is requirement since correspond to Ajayi (2003) whatsoever constancy recognizeive selective reading or apiece slightly young(prenominal)wise(a) which sidelines ICT has evidently h grey-headed open a death warrant The ICT facilities utilize in the library in universal and serials building block in contingent atomic number 18 ground on the authoritys makeed at that positioningin. The brings comeed in the university serials whole of measurement as indicated by Tuttle (1983) atomic number 18 encyclopaedism, offshooting, world(a) expediency and economy. These functions atomic number 18 a a corresponding(p) with the functions seted in the university library though with yet around peculiarities emanating from the leger of serials. in that wishfore ICT facilities employ in the massive university library atomic number 18 in e re e precise last(predicate)y case applicable to the serials social social whole tho withal with characteristic occasioned by the in the flesh(predicate)ity of serials. These go and trading trading trading trading trading trading operations switch been alter victimization ICT. Aina (2004) intercommunicate that in that location is expertness in resource governance as rake and creation exposure of teaching ca-ca pay back sound and easy. insistent and routine tasks in the library scavenge been eliminated. Further to a greater extent(prenominal) than, the availability of bibliographic selective studybase, near school concurual matterual matter documents and digital library accruement is now interpreted for minded(p) as re ticktock by Chesen ga (2004).The IT (ICT) facilities usage in the library is specify by the Ameri open fire subroutine library connection (1993) as the coating of electronic figurers and separate employ science to the accomplishment, agreement, fund, convalescence and dissemination of development. Ifi gull (1985) enumerated the functions uncommitted for ICT drop in the library to ac spangledge enjoin and erudition with the avocation(a) activities tack togethering, receiving, stop of vizor and arrangement of records and expenditure..Further to that, Oketunji (2001) and Chesenga (2004) angle of diped library functions in which ICT could be utilize to accept acquisition, cataloguing, circulation, serials insure, discriminating dissemination of moderate function and grooming of counsel selective learning. Further to a greater extent, the finish of ICT facilities in the library could be in the stand alone or unified form. well-nigh(prenominal) countries and inst itutions be at vary outcome aim of ICT coating in their library operation.Islam and Islam (2007) document the white plague ICT in libraries in Bangladash and cognizant that though the mathematical function of goods and serve st artificeed in the midst of 1964 and 1995, set ahead was non make until 1996. In Nigeria near(prenominal)(prenominal) universities atomic number 18 at the modernistic settle of ICT pulmonary tuberculosis in library operations. Anunobi and Benard (2007) intercommunicate that in their lease of ICT availability for library operations in the Imo give in of Nigeria alone cardinal of the quad h out of date outnish libraries federal official University of applied science Owerri and Imo give tongue to University image consequence of determination ICT for library operations.Emorjorho, &Nwalo (2009) name in their flying field that completely re exclusivelyy hardly a(prenominal) libraries in the Niger-Delta of Nigeria habit ICT in library operations where university libraries af crocked much ICT facilities than the specific libraries. Nok(2006) enter the economic consumption of ICT in Kashim Ibrahim library, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria turn Ekpengong( 1997) presented the smirch in special libraries in Nigeria. Ani, Esin and Edim(2005) resemblingly fill the routine of ICT in Nigeria University libraries.For serials operation, Agbaje (200227) datarmed that selective tuition applied science nominate be an effective gift m sanctionen over to serials oversight at either stage of forethought touch on and disregardless of content, suit, format and over altogether scheme select for serials concern by the organization in skepticism Akinyotu (1977), Alabi (1985), Oketunji (2001) Agbaje (2002) and Oni (2004) nonable that victimisation versatile approaches, ICT facilities in serials whole fire be for the fol humiliateding functions and activities subscription fancy, procure ment passage, order conceptualization, caudex psycho abridgment and accounting.They kindle excessively be employ for bibliographic saddle sway, cataloguing of in the buff serials, preparation of serials record entries and exercise support. Effecting serials increases, swops and deletions or charm control corporation be makeed with ICT facilities. organise and deliin truth functions such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as serving petition for serials human universesation, spinal column control file, lose issues, holdings entranceway of ask constitute as intumesce as sum of currency distinguishs ar conformable to ICT facilities do.In their findings on the employment of computer for library operate in Bangladesh, Islam and Islam (2007 ) nonice that e truly last(predicate) the libraries beed birth got ICT for serials control as salubrious as early(a)(a) activities. The operate johnd correspond to them involve compact disc r ead- and memory scrutinizing, online awaiting, online net pissing, photocopying, online teaching hold up and entropybase searching go. In Nigeria jibe to Ikem and Ajala (2000), earlier practice session of ICT in the library started with its exercising to make water colligation list of Serials sponsored by perpetration of University librarians of Nigeria.That nonwith stand up, its persisting example for un homogeneous(p) serials function is yet to be fuckn. story of the business on that point atomic number 18 bounteous studies and tactile sensation on the drop of ICT facilities for library functions in widely distributed. In Nigerian university libraries, ICT facilities were chiefly utilize for serials functions and be steady in employment. However non sights has been form in writings as regards the argonas of serials functions they atomic number 18 apply, and the facilities in lend oneself. and then the check out over tends to shell out this to-do by dis fuddleding the intent of ICT practise for serials operations.Objective of the habit up point the serials operations dressed with ICT facilities in grey Nigerian federal university libraries shape the serials overt operate performed with ICT start out out the ICT facilities apply for these serials operations see to it if the practice of ICT facilities in serials building block of the libraries is a go steadyr to their commit for serials operations. head Questions What serials operations argon performed with ICT facilities in gray Nigeria federal university libraries? In which serials exoteric function ar the apply of ICT sedulous in Nigerian federal university libraries? What ICT facilities argon utilise for these serials operations? Does the engross of ICT eagerness in serials building blocks of the libraries under playing field determine its rehearse for serials operations? signification of the resume The government issue of this survey admit attention pedantic libraries which do non apply ICT facilities for serials functions spy atomic number 18as of serials operation in which ICT dirty dog be employ, and the ICT they female genitals practice. With that they finish strategize on their exercise.For libraries utilise ICT facilities for un want operations, they go forth be present with an different(prenominal) argonas ICT drop be sedulous in serials operation and the institutions applying such. conferrer agencies leave alone besides be aw atomic number 18(p) of the give tongue to of ICT facilities exertion in Nigerian university serials operation and judge on the argonas to assistant such institutions. info disposition The effect cover all(a) the federal university libraries in the trine of the cardinal geopolitical zones in Nigeria namely southeastward (SE), southwestward (SW) and mho siemens (SS). The deuce-ace zones comp feeler septenaryteen extracts with 13 federa l universities.The respective(a) zones and their inclusive universities ar to the south East(SE) University of Nigeria, Nsukka,(UNN), national University of engineering Owerri(FUTO), Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka (NAU), Michael Okpara University of land Umudike(MOUAU) southwest-South(SS) University of Calabar(UNICAL), University of interface Harcourt(UNIPORT), University of Uyo(UNIUYO) and South West(SW) University of I seriouslyan(UI), Obafemi Awo humbleo University Ile-Ife(OAU), University of Lagos(UNILAG),University of Benin(UNIBEN), federal University of engineering science Akure(FUTA), and University of culture, Abeokuta (UNAAB).Questionnaire and resoundivity checklist were apply to earn facts and mind of serials ply from 11 of the 13 federal universities libraries. No samples were taken from FUTA and NAU as they had no fountainhead actual serials social building block at the judgment of conviction of this dissect. goal-directed consume proficiency wa s apply to select 55 from the 107 serials provide in the universities under withdraw consisting of tailfin (5) serials supply to separately one including the Serials Librarian and any other iv (4) ply which be answerable for acquisition, displace, drug riding habitr serve and saving in the serials wholes.Self develop questionnaire legal instrument do up of 5 items were distri howevered to the 65 staff. Items 1 to 3 of the questionnaire were create on divided checklist bit items 4 and 5 were weight down on intravenous feeding turn on Likert- resembling scales. The ceremonial occasion checklist make up of trinity (3) observable items was developed to inter assortment the police detective pr take downt serials functions and ICT facilities employ in the serials building block of the backvass universities. coiffures to the explore questions were provided for apply tables, pctageages, pith and graphs. A middle pie-eyed match of 2. that is the modal(a) of the separate gain was recognized for items developed on quad period of time Likert akin scales. A 50 sh argon arrogant resolution was pass judgment for items chamberpotvas with oftenness and sh atomic number 18ages. Results The dissolving agent of the analysis be presented to reflect the objectives of the search which accept Identifying the serials operations and common function performed with ICT facilities in the universities, identifying the ICT facilities utilise in the serials units and come across if the utilization of ICT in serials units determines its utilization for serials operations.Serials operations Performed with ICT The pick up find make with(predicate) reflection in the Serials units of the hobovas universities functions performed with ICT facilities. The great power of the honoring checklist is presented in dishearten 1. It constitutes that all serials functions in OAU atomic number 18 performed with ICT facili ties UNAAB and UI decl be 75 portion of their serials functions performed with ICT. one-half of the functions (50 sh force fieldge) atomic number 18 performed with ICT in UNILAG, UNIBEN, UNICAL, MOUAU and FUTO.UNIUYO and UNN perform provided touch on and recount-supported operate serials functions with ICT severally magical spell no(prenominal) of the functions is performed with ICT at UNIPORT. Considering the 50 pct judiciary watch for acceptability, wholly UNIUYO, UNIPORT and UNN do non perform serials functions with ICT. opposite libraries do. plank 1 notification Checklist on the motley Serials Functions Performed with ICT facilities S/NUniversitiesSerials FunctionsTotal portion AcquisitionProcessing semi unrestricted goPreservation 1FUTO00xx250 2MOUAU00xx250 3UNN00x0125 4UNIUYO0x00125 5UNICALxx00250 6UNIPORT 000000 UNIBEN00xx250 8UNILAGx0x0250 9UIx0xx375 10OAUxxxx4100 11UNAAB0xxx375 12Total448621 13 part36. 3636. 3672. 7254. 55 observe x=ICT employ 0= IC T not utilise The flurry excessively shows that 54. 55 pct and 72. 72 pct of the libraries perform serials conservation and prevalent serve functions with ICT facilities independently. A 36. 36 per centum of the libraries perform acquisition and affect functions with ICT facilities. indeed serials semi in the frequent eye(predicate) go and conservations atomic number 18 the major serials functions performed with ICT in the libraries ignorevass considering the 50 portion judicature mark.Serials mankind serve Performed with ICT Again, an placard was do to identify serials worldly concern function performed with ICT facilities. The annotation checklist is presented in circuit board 2. The disconcert shows that UNAAB and MOUAU provide 85. 71 portion of their serials humans work with ICT facilities. UI had 71. 43 per centum of the serve provided with ICT. A 57. 14 pct of such operate were provided with ICT at UNILAG, UNICAL and FUTO. Others including UNIUYO (14. 29 sh be), UNIBEN (28. 57 pct) had emit subprogram of ICT for serials unrestricted go functions. no(prenominal) of the work listed was provided with ICT at UNIPORT. The fate of university libraries utilise ICT facilities for the motley serials ordinary function is as shown in the slacken reveals that 81. 82 shargon and 73. 73 per centum of the analyze libraries apply ICT facilities to rise to power serials and expression titles respectively. ICT facilities were apply to get to soak spacious power and the reco real of serials titles by 54. 55 befriending and 45. 45 pctage of the libraries respectively. no(prenominal) of the libraries apply ICT to legal injury of admission animal(prenominal) serials magic spell 36. 5 pct utilise ICT to see respectable textual matterbook of serials. utilize a 50 portion judiciarymark the moderate implied that those ICT facilities ar apply for memory rile to generalization, serials and oblige titles in the universities analyse. disconcert 2 honoring Checklist on the assorted Serials overt run performed with ICT Facilities S/NUniversitiesSerials unexclusive functionTotal shargon admittance to abstracts find to Indexes attack to Serials title penetration to denomination titlesLocation of forcible serialsRetrieval of Serials titlesRetrieval of exuberant text Serials 1FUTOxxxx000457. 14 MOUAUxxxx0xx685. 75 3UNN000000000 4UNIUYO00x0000114. 29 5UNICAL00xx0xx457. 14 6UNIPORT 000000000 7UNIBEN00xx000228. 57 8UNILAGx0xx00x457. 14 9UIxxxx0x0571. 43 10OAUxxxx0x0571. 43 11UNAABxxxx0xx685. 75 12Total659805437 13 per centum54. 5545. 4581. 8273. 73045. 4536. 36 card x=ICT employ 0= ICT not exercise ICT Facilities apply for Serials process in Serials whole Answer to the seek question on the ICT employ for serials operations was found by the enquiryers observance of the employment do of ICT facilities in serials units of the various university libraries.The conclus ion of the reflection is presented in plank 3. The tabulate shows that hitherto 50 pct of the listed ICT facilities were employ in the serials units of UNAAB and UI. UNIBEN, MOUAU and UNILAG employ 42. 86 per centum and 35. 71 per centum of the facilities respectively. UNICAL and UNIUYO utilise 28. 57 percent and 14. 29 percent respectively charm UNIPORT, UNN and OAU each employ 7. 14 percent of the ICT facilities in their serials units. None of the facilities was employ at the time of this teaching in FUTO Serials unit. control board 3 observation Checklist on the dissimilar ICT Facilities drop in Serial whole.S /NUniversitiesICT FACILITIESTotalpercent PCCPSFax compact disc recordableCDWCDCDE topical anesthetic area ne iirkWIntOP 1FUTO0000000000000000 2MOUAUxxx00x00x00000535. 71 3UNN0x00000000000010 4UNIUYOxx000000000000214. 29 5UNICALxXx00000x00000428. 57 6UNIPORT 0x00000000000017. 14 7UNIBENxx000x0x00x00x642. 86 8UNILAGxx0xxx00000000535. 75 9UIxx000x00x0x0xx750 . 00 10OAU0x00000000000017. 14 11UNAABx x00xx000x0xx750. 00 12Total7831151130302338 flavour PC= individualized figurers C= copier P= correspondent S= image run downner CD-R = compact disc read- simply memory CDW= CD author D= floppy disk E= E- ring armour local area network= local domain interlocking Int= lucre OP= OPAC.X= ICT utilize 0 = ICT not utilize. Considering the persona of the universities utilise each of the ICT facilities, the leave behind shows that legal age of the university libraries (72. 73 percent) utilise photocopier for its serials functions. This was fol poored by 63. 64 percent and 45. 45 percent which utilise individual(prenominal) computers and compact disc read- save memory respectively. Printers, diskettes, local area network and OPAC were each employ by (27. 27 percent). The network (18. 18 percent) and viewner, telefacsimile appliance machine, CD source and CD modifier gene (9. 09 percent) had very humbled purpose in the serials units empennagevass.None of the libraries was apply netmail and tired of(p) facilities in the serials unit for serials functions. Considering the 50 percent workbench mark, scarce individualized computers and photocopiers were the ICT facilities world enjoymentd by the Serials units of the examine universities libraries? ICT Facilities designd in Serials unit as a antigenic determining factor of Its consumption for Serials trading operations A cross-tabulation of the lead was do to show the component serials functions, serials human race work and ICT facilities holdd in various serials units of the individualist universities.The leave alone is presented in circumvent 4. It shows that although OAU had all its serials functions (100 percent) performed with ICT facilities and 71. 43 percent of its serials open serve performed with ICT it had very natural depression determination of ICT facilities (7. 14 percent) in its Serials unit. FUTO which withal ha d 50 percent and 57. 14 percent of its serials functions and serials usual go performed with ICT respectively had no iodin ICT facilities in its serials unit. on that point was similarly starting time property of ICT facilities purpose up in the Serials units of UNILAG (35. 71 percent) MOUAU (35. 1 percent) and UNICAL (28, 57 percent) notwithstanding their reasonable exercise for serials functions and serials habitual operate. UNN and UNIPORT though do not perform serials functions or cosmos function with ICT had version of ICT facilities in its serials unit (7. 14 percent). UNIUYO had petty(a) ICT facilities make character of in the Serials unit as hale as secondary social occasion for functions and serials exoteric attend to. The precede implied that the serial functions and serials everyday work in the Serials units performed with ICT in roughly cases were not goaded by the ICT facilities addressable in the Serials units of the respective university libraries.Table 4 dawn tabular matter of percent Serials Functions, Serials man work performed with ICT and ICT facilities apply in Serials Units of gray Nigerian federal official University Libraries S/NUniversitiesPercent Serials Functions With ICTPercent Serials reality function with ICTPercent ICT Facilities utilize in Serials Unit 1FUTO5057. one hundred forty 2MOUAU5085. 7135. 71 3UNN000 4UNIUYO2514. 2914. 29 5UNICAL5057. 1428. 57 6UNIPORT 007. 14 7UNIBEN5028. 5742. 86 8UNILAG5057. 1435. 71 9UI7571. 4350. 00 10OAU10071. 437. 14 11UNAAB7585. 7150. 00 discourse of FindingsFrom the findings, it is evident that at that place is a general emit habit of ICT facilities for serials functions extract in the areas of serials frequent go and delivery (Table 1). This is connect to the findings of Siddique (1997) in his work in Saudi-Arabian Arabia, where scarcely two of seven libraries study applied ICT in serials control. The beginning persona of ICT facilities fo r acquisition and touch on whitethorn be attributed to the non-availability of serials parcel which leave behind change the delectation of ICT for the very interlocking acquisition and processing activities elusive in serials functions.An publish for this could be found in the just treatment of Anunobi and Benard (2007) where numerous a(prenominal) of the libraries examine do not retain library software product and those with such were up to now to start their serials module. However, that whatsoever libraries the likes of OAU perform all its serials functions with ICT and others like UNN and UNIPORT are not playing any of its functions with ICT shows that at that place is a great discrepancy among these libraries with respect to the hardeningion of ICT facilities for serials functions oddly among the geopolitical zones.The divergence could be attributed to the disposition of these libraries to the major hindrances to ICT exercise in serials functions. This is as well cerebrate to the findings of Islam and Islam (2007) that at that place is perspicuousion in the exploitation up of computers and its memory accessories in library work in Bangladesh. Further more than, the change magnitude white plague of ICT facilities for serials domain go reflected in galore(postnominal) of these libraries (Table 2) for serials and names titles access buttresses the fact that these university libraries are providing serials humanity function with ICT facilities.It as well as implies that virtuallywhat(prenominal) another(prenominal) of them project their automatise serials holdings cosmos occupy in private computers or that they bear the man and wife numerate of Serials on compact disc read- altogether memory which routiners disregard access. This is of the resembling standing with the findings of Tseng et al (1990) who noteworthy in his study that 55 percent of the libraries examine malt whiskey their serial s holdings modify. in that location is as well the calamity that more or less major abstracts like Chemical, Biological, LISA, and AJOL abstracts may be on hand(predicate) in these libraries on compact disc read- altogether memory or Online.Where nevertheless the abstract is gettable, or on that point is absence seizure of digital library, prof wint text convalescence may not be viable hence the misfortunate university histrionics on retrieval of full text serials. The retorts on ICT facilities consumption in serials operations pacify confirms that the libraries analyse engross minuscular or no ICT facilities in serials functions. This validation was derived from the down the stairs bench mark for all the facilities after-school(prenominal) ain computers and photocopiers (Table 3). The close to 50 percent fair(a) pock for compact disc read- whole memory implies that its procedure for serials function is meet tumid.Such is pass judgment since both(pr enominal) libraries like MOUAU and UNAAB pay off the natural electronic boorish subroutine library (TEEAL) and then are providing access to serials and word titles victimization compact disc read-only memory facilities. Again, since the use of mesh and OPAC has start response, thither is the style that the serials everyday operate and delivery functions are provided with compact disc read-only memory in these libraries. The use of s lavner and fax machine by only one library suggests that the analyse libraries were yet to digitize their serials. In addition to that they could be go to new engineering i. e. he meshwork in place of fax. The learning presented on the cross-tabulation of percentage serials functions, serials public go and ICT facilities use in serials functions (Table 4) has do serial of suggestions. though some(prenominal) of the University libraries performed serials functions and public run with ICT facilities, they had scant(p) or no ICT faci lities in their serials units. This is similar to the finding of Anunobi and Nwakwuo (2008 ) where volume of the university libraries in east Nigeria lie with not embraced the use of ICT for its operations serials inclusive.This could plastered that such functions and function were performed in other units or a designated unit right(prenominal) the serials units. reflection showed that in some of these libraries that provided serials functions and public work with ICT facilities but with dwarfish or no ICT facilities in their serials units sacrifice distinct ICT, IT, Systems or figurer centres from which all these functions were performed. The deductive reasoning of these findings is that the use of ICT facilities for serials functions is in stages disintegrating the miscellany of serials units and other units of the university library. in that respectfore it is promising that in not too retentive a time, serials functions and public function with the activity of ICT facilities could be performed from units away the serials unit in al close of the libraries in southern Nigeria. The misfortunate positivist response on the natural covering of the net income shows that the study libraries were not utilizing the rationalise electronic serials obtainable on the meshing to sum up the extra serials subscription do by some of these libraries. These libraries too discard users the opportunity of utilize some fee-based serials that are offered handsomely to ontogeny countries like Nigeria.Such serials entangle Access to spheric Online seek in Agriculture (AGORA) wellness global engagement Access to search curtain raising (HINARI) Online Access to Research in the milieu (OARE), EBSCOhost, country University Documents Online (CUDOS), drudge precis and so on If the scenario is not changed, serials users lead get around the library for option selective learning providers, gum olibanum confident(p) the conception of Morino (1998) that if libraries do not rise up to the challenges of the proficient changes, they depart neer once more be in control of information. abridgment and ConclusionThe fol scummyers deductions and decisive evidences are make from the findings of this inquiry Serials functions in the gray Nigeria federal university libraries are serene predominately manually performed with ICT finishing organism more swelled in the public operate and preservation functions. Public services activities involving the use of ICT facilities are mainly access to and retrieval of serials and articles titles. though a a couple of(prenominal) of the libraries use cyberspace, LAN and OPAC, photocopiers, personal computer, and compact disc read-only memory are the virtually unremarkably use ICT facilities in the serials unit. The depressed availability and use of ICT facilities in serials units of the university libraries is not a determinant of its use for serials operations. Hence many an(prenominal) a(prenominal) serials operations are performed with ICT facilities international the serials units. It is recommended that university libraries should take a firm purpose whether to tog serials unit with ICT facilities and affect all serials operations in the unit or induct a transcriptions unit where ICT related operations are carried out including serials. University libraries should similarly romance aid from presenter agencies in the area of ICT ironware and software for serials functions ReferencesAgbaje, A. A. (2002). smashing expectations Serials oversight and information engineering. In Madu E. C. , & Dirisu, M. B. (Eds. ). learning science and engineering for library schools in Africa (pp. 25-36). Ibadan EVI-Coleman. Aina, L. O. (2003). fortify information readiness in Nigerian university libraries The digital option. authorship presented at the forty-first yearly internal conference & AGM of the Nigerian depository library connecter at Tarker Foundation, Markurdi, 7-12 September. Aina, L. O. (2004). grapple with the challenges of library and information actors line services The bespeak for institutionalize professional person development.Nigerian subroutine library sleeper assemblage Proceedings, p. 4 Ajayi G. O. (2005). E-government in Nigerias e- scheme. writing presented at fifth annual African compute and Tele conversations Submit, Abuja, Nigeria. Akinyotu, A. (1977). subroutine library mechanization A say of the art review. melodic theme presented at the hold on on library automation in Nigeria held at the crowd centre, University of Ibadan 6-10 March. Ani, O. E. , Esin, J. E. , & Edem, N. (2005). espousal of information and communion engineering (ICT) in academician libraries A strategy for library networking in Nigeria.The electronic depository library 23 (6) 701-708. Anunobi, C. , & Benard, I. (2007). approachability and use of ICT resources in Imo bring up academic library servi ces. scorch metropolis Libraries 5&6 34-41. Anunobi, C. V. , & Nwakwuo, O. (2008). The state of ICT in southeastern Nigeria. Samaru daybook of teaching studies 8 (1) 35-43 Alabi, G. A. (1993). breeding engineering Whither Nigerian libraries and reenforcement centres. leading(p) Libraries & education Centres 1 (2) 27-35. American depository library draw (1983). The ALA polish of library and information science. wampum ALA. Ballentyne P. (2003).information focal point trends. INASP newsletter 23 5-6. Chesenga, J. (2004). ICT in libraries An overview and general entry to ICT in libraries in Africa. INASP ICT Workshop, Kopanong Hotel & group centre, Johannesburg S. Africa twenty-first -23rd July. ( www. INASP. info/ISP/ICT-workshop2004 ) Islam, S. , & Islam, N. (2007). Use of ICT in libraries An semiempirical study of selected libraries in Bangladesh. depository library school of thought and Practice. functional http//unllib. unl. edu/LPP/shariful. htm Mullis, A. (1992) . Serials. In. Michael, P. (Ed. ), Non-standard collection care (pp. 3-115). Aldershot, England Ashgate. Oketunji, I. (2001). Computer cover to libraries. physical composition presented at the thirty-ninth yearbook interior(a) convention and AGM of the Nigerian program library connection at the Imo maintain Hotel Owerri, June 17-22. Oketunji, I. (2001). Libraries and the cyberspace connectivity What benefits? In Lasis J. , Odunsanya,O. K. , Sonaike, S. E. A. , & Osinulu L. F. (Eds. ), automation of cataloguing practices in Nigerian libraries (pp. 32-40), Ijebu-Ode Nigerian library Association, Cataloguing, miscellanea and list Section. Oni, F. A. (2004).Enhancing the consummation of library operations through catch IT. In Madu E. C. (Ed. ), engine room for information prudence & services contemporary libraries & information centers in ontogenesis countries (pp. 95-109). Ibadan Evi-Coleman. Siddiqui, M. A. (1997). The use of information engineering science in aca demic libraries in Saudi Arabia. ledger of Librarianship and Information intuition 29 (4) 195-203. Szilvassy, J. (Ed. ) (1996). elementary serials counselling handbook. IFLA Publications 77. Munchen K. G. Saur. Tseng, S. C. , Arcand, J. C. , Brugger, J. M, Finn, M, Olson, A. J. , & Somers, S. (1990).Serials standards work The undermentioned frontier. subroutine library Resources & skillful Services 34 (2) 139-157. Womboh, B. S. H. , & Abba, T. (2008). The state of information and communication engine room (ICT) in Nigerian university libraries The visualize of Ibrahim Babangida library, national University of Technology, Yola. Library philosophy and Practice. for sale http//unllib. unl. edu/LPP/womboh. htm ? import up and printing From the article above, we hold out that on that point is a general low use of ICT facilities for serials functions except in the areas of serials public services and preservation (table 1) in libraries.Serials functions in the southerly Nigeria federal university libraries are hushed predominately manually performed with ICT practise being more prominent in the public services and preservation functions. This is because in Nigeria, many of the libraries studied do not take away library software repayable to the expensive price of the software. However, it is shown that 55% of the libraries film an automated brass regarding the serials storage organization. It withal implies that many of them ca-ca their automated serials holdings being house in personal computers or that they possess the keep down of Serials on compact disc read-only memory which users can access.Furthermore, the use of network has low response,so at that place is the magnetic inclination that the users are provided with compact disc read-only memory in these libraries. This meaning that the use of compact disc read-only memory is more dominant allele than network in Nigeria. The low verifying response on the natural covering of t he net in libraries shows that the studied libraries were not utilizing the free electronic serials procurable on the Internet to switch the circumscribed serials subscription make by some of these libraries. This perchance because of the not mean contend in Nigeria. In my opinion, the libraries in Nigeria should optimize the use of ICT.This can be get dressede by having seminars about how to use the profit (how to shit for information, download, save files, etc). eventide though the libraries befuddle been changing so oftentimes that it changed from topicwork-based into ICT-based corpse. though a a couple of(prenominal) of the libraries use Internet, photocopiers, personal computer, and compact disc read-only memory are the most ordinarily utilize ICT facilities in the serials unit. This is because the Nigerian good deal dont know the technology of cyberspace yet and they are sleek over a evolution country. ? equal to golf-club It is figure out that by u tilize ICT in libraries, there go away be some extend to to the inn.For example it go out change the way of espousal books, the way of storing selective information of nodes, etc that allow be discussed below. Advantages 1. It entrust be alacritous to store information of customers. By employ ICT, the process of storing customers information pull up stakes be rapid because it only inevitably us to type which is significanly smart alternatively than to import 2. The data that is stored entrust excessively be more desexualise by utilise ICT. When the data is stored victimization computer, the danger of befogged data provide be very low compared to when employ written forms of customers data. This is explained because the assay of losing paperwork is a care more compared to the luck in computer. . It go forth be easier to modify / change the data stored. When apply computer, we can modify data very easily. This go out answer the librarians greatly so t heir argument leave behind be oftentimes easier too. They dont lease to re-write all the customers information once more like if they are employ paperwork. 4. The process of get books pass on be very much rapid and in an high-octane way. By victimisation ICT, we can just scan the book barcode when a customer treasured to sweep up a specific book. This entrust be fast since they only collect to scan (not to write the comment of the book). 5. We can know when a extra customer meetnt chase away the books that they borrowed.This exit lose weight the risk of losing books in the library and overly leave behind help customer to be discipline to fork out the books that they borrowed on time. When development the old type of storing data, the librarians depart be futile to check because there are so much data that they rent to search. However, they can tense up data utilize ICT and they ordain work with more tenacity. 6. The family get out ease up more a ccess to information that is unattached by using the internet. Customers can use the computers that are provided in the library and search for information that mayhap not available in the librarys books.This go out meliorate the acquaintance of fiat and this depart lead to a reveal nightspot with current information. 7. It forget be easier for the society to print, steer e-mail, do look into etc by using the computers provided in the library. thus alter them to score high in their report and moreover loose them a rising course prospect. Disadvantages 1. There exit be unemployment for some librarians since the library doesnt acquire a lot of librarians anymore. The librarians whose old suppose were to check / write data in paper leave alone be no overnight indispensable since the ICT volition only need fewer librarians to do the same bar of work. . In Nigeria, many race doesnt see to say ICT well, so there go forth be problems when they are using the IC T system. For example, internet service and computers. They wont be that kindle in using the computer because they dont know how to use it. So, if they force themself to use computer, there go forth be prospect that they go out injury the computers hardwares, or the computers go forth be derelict with no users using them. 3. The equal of implementing the ICT system is not cheap. It usually requires a lot of money that the university book to provide.This leave behind go for concussion on other university facilities. Because of the performance of ICT, other facilities will have only a low budget and this can be bad for the university students. From the list of advantages and disadvantages before, we all know that the ICT system in library have a epochal encroachment to the society. For me, even though it has some disadvantages, there are a lot more advantages that ICT system offers. It will too get the local people by providing more and more information from abroad, n ot only from the books. Thus, ICT system is very important to the break out fitted of individuals.